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American Muslim Poll 2025

Evolving Electorate, Enduring Challenges
PUBLICATION DATE
Published May 8, 2025

Biography

After the 2024 presidential election and second inauguration of President Donald Trump, ISPU conducted its seventh American Muslim Poll, fielded by NORC at the University of Chicago between April 2 and May 8, 2025. The genocide in Gaza—declared by the International Association of Genocide Scholars—and the crackdown on student protesters created a difficult environment for American Muslims, marked by censorship and rising Islamophobia. In response, many Muslims withheld their votes from President Biden and later nominee Vice President Harris in protest, while others backed the Democratic ticket or voted for Trump. This survey examines how Muslims ultimately voted in 2024, their policy priorities, satisfaction with Trump, and experiences with discrimination.

The American Muslim Poll 2025 updates the demographic profile of American Muslims and compares their views with Jews, Catholics, Protestants, white Evangelicals, and the non-affiliated, using oversamples for deeper insight. Respondents were asked about their voting in 2020 and 2024, political engagement, and satisfaction with Trump-era policies. For the fifth time, ISPU measured the Islamophobia Index, revealing how attitudes toward Muslims have shifted amid the war in Gaza and over time. The report concludes with key recommendations on addressing the challenges facing American Muslims today.

American Muslim Poll 2025: Full Digital Report
2022 Findings
2020 Findings
2019 Findings
2018 Findings
2017 Findings
2016 Findings
Download the Report
Download the Executive Summary

Dive into the Data

Click here to download all 54 graphs and figures from our 2025 survey.

AGE, WEALTH, & EDUCATION

Bar chart showing that 26% of U.S. Muslims are ages 18–24, compared to 15% Jewish, 12% Catholic, 5% Protestant, 7% White Evangelical, 14% Non-Affiliated, and 10% of the general public.

Bar chart comparing income levels among U.S. religious groups, showing Muslims have the highest percentage earning under $30,000 (35%) and the lowest earning over $100,000 (11%). Data source: ISPU.

Bar chart showing the percentage of Muslims, Jewish, Catholic, Protestant, White Evangelical, Non-Affiliated, and the general public who hold a college degree. Jewish (59%) and Non-Affiliated (42%) have the highest rates.

Bar chart showing 47% of Muslims are students, compared to 12% Jewish, 15% Catholic, 6% Protestant, 6% White Evangelical, 13% Non-Affiliated, and 11% of the General Public.

Bar graph comparing employment rates among groups: Muslim (70%), Jewish (67%), Catholic (65%), Protestant (57%), White Evangelical (52%), Non-Affiliated (63%), and General Public (61%).

RACE/ETHNICITY DEMOGRAPHICS

Bar chart showing the racial and ethnic makeup of four U.S. religious groups. Muslims are the most diverse, with the largest Asian and Arab percentages. Other groups are mainly White, with smaller Black, Hispanic, and Asian proportions.

A pie chart shows the racial/ethnic breakdown of Muslims in the U.S.: 28% Asian, 24% White, 20% Black, 12% Arab, 9% Hispanic, 3% Other, 3% Mixed, and 2% Native American.

FAITH & RELIGIOUS ACTIVITY

Bar chart showing the percentage of groups rating religion as important to daily life: Muslim 89%, Jewish 44%, Catholic 72%, Protestant 79%, White Evangelical 97%, Non-Affiliated 14%, General Public 58%.

Bar chart showing 89% of Muslim men and 90% of Muslim women rate religion as important. The percentages are nearly equal. The chart is from the Institute for Social Policy & Understanding.

Bar chart titled Muslims of All Ages Equally Likely to Rate Religion as Very Important showing 61% of Muslims aged 18–29, 62% aged 30–49, and 70% aged 50+ view religion as very important, compared to lower rates in the general public.

Bar chart titled Racial/Ethnic Groups among Muslims Equally Likely to Rate Religion as Very Important, showing percentages: White 57%, Black 66%, Asian 60%, Arab 73%. ISPU logo at bottom right.

Bar chart showing that 44% of Muslims attend religious services weekly or more, compared to 10% Jewish, 22% Catholic, 39% Protestant, 59% White Evangelical, and 23% of the general public.

Bar chart showing the percentage of Muslims and the general public attending religious services once a week or more by age group: 18-29, 30-49, 50+. Muslims (43%, 46%, 43%), general public (12%, 21%, 30%).

SATISFACTION WITH DIRECTION OF COUNTRY AND PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL

A line graph shows Muslim approval of the president’s job: 80% in 2016, 13% in 2018, 16% in 2020, 30% in 2022, peaking at 60% in 2023, then dropping to 21% in 2025.

A line graph shows Muslim satisfaction with the direction of the U.S. declining from 63% in 2016 to 23% in 2025, with fluctuations in between. Source: Institute for Social Policy & Understanding.

Bar chart comparing satisfaction with the country’s direction by religious group: Muslim 23%, Jewish 17%, Catholic 28%, Protestant 30%, White Evangelical 38%, Non-Affiliated 12%, General Public 24%.

A bar graph comparing approval of Donald Trump among religious groups shows Muslims at 21%, Jewish at 17%, Catholic at 34%, Protestant at 41%, White Evangelical at 63%, Non-Affiliated at 20%, and General Public at 32%.

VOTER REGISTRATION

A bar graph showing voter registration rates by group: Muslim 85%, Jewish 92%, Catholic 87%, Protestant 83%, White Evangelical 87%, Non-Affiliated 84%, and General Public 84%.

A line graph shows the percentage of Muslims registered to vote increasing from 60% in 2016 to 85% in 2025, with data points at 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2022, and 2025.

An infographic lists significant predictors of Muslim voter participation in 2024: age 60+, high income, White racial identity, US-born status, weekly religious attendance, and experiences with Islamophobia.

VOTING TRENDS

Bar chart showing Muslim and general public votes for 2024 candidates: Kamala Harris (Muslim 50%, General Public 50%), Donald Trump (Muslim 31%, General Public 45%), Jill Stein (Muslim 12%, General Public 0%).

Bar chart showing 42% of Muslim men and 17% of Muslim women would vote for Donald Trump in 2024. Muslim women are less likely than Muslim men to support Trump. Institute for Social Policy & Understanding logo included.

Bar chart showing 2024 U.S. presidential vote choices by race and religion. Nearly half of White Muslims voted Trump. Trump support: White Muslims 49%, Black Muslims 14%, Asian Muslims 22%, White general public 53%.

A flow chart shows that 55% of Biden’s 2020 Muslim voters supported Harris in 2024, 19% chose someone else, 16% did not vote, and 10% switched to Trump. The chart is from the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding.

Sankey diagram showing shifts in Muslim voter support from Biden, Trump, and others in 2020 to Harris, Trump, and others in 2024, highlighting that 82% of Trump’s 2020 Muslim voters chose him again in 2024.

Bar chart showing how Muslims who voted for someone else in the 2020 US election plan to vote in 2024: 67% did not vote, 23% will vote Someone Else, 8% Trump, and 2% Harris. Institute for Social Policy and Understanding.

POLICY PRIORITIES

Bar chart showing Muslims and the general public’s top policy priorities for the 2024 election: Economy and jobs (Muslims 41%, public 40%), War in Gaza (Muslims 35%, public 5%), healthcare, taxes, and climate change.

Bar chart showing 35% of Muslims, 10% of Jews, and 4% or fewer of other groups rank the war in Gaza as a top 2024 election policy priority. The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding logo is in the corner.

Bar chart showing that Muslims who are female, younger, and 18-29 most often cite the War in Gaza as a top 2024 election issue, while those 50+ prioritize healthcare. Economy and job creation is rated similarly across groups.

A bar graph compares White, Black, and Asian Muslims on reporting key 2024 election priorities: War in Gaza, Economy/Job Creation, and Healthcare. Asian Muslims most prioritize Gaza, while other groups favor economy/jobs.

Bar chart comparing 2024 policy priorities of Muslim and general public Harris voters in the U.S., showing differences in importance placed on the economy, Gaza, healthcare, taxes, democracy, and other issues.

Bar chart comparing 2024 Trump voters’ policy priorities between Muslim and general public: economy, Gaza war, healthcare, taxes, preserving democracy, keeping out of foreign wars, and securing the border.

A bar graph shows 78% of Muslim third-party voters rank War in Gaza as the top policy priority, followed by economy (34%), foreign wars (20%), border security (11%), healthcare, taxes, and preserving democracy (8% each).

SUPPORT FOR TRUMP POLICIES

A table displays survey results on support for various Trump policies, divided by religious groups and the general public. Most policies have less than 50% support across all groups. Institute for Social Policy & Understanding logo present.

Bar graph showing declining support for the “Muslim Ban” from 2018 to 2025 among Muslim, Jewish, and general U.S. populations; support drops most for Jews and Muslims, less so for the general population.

A chart compares the percentages of Muslim men and women supporting various Trump policies, showing men are more likely to support each policy. Orange bars represent men, and blue bars represent women, with percentages labeled.

A chart shows support for U.S. policies on Gaza among general and Muslim 2024 voters, including by candidate. Policies include deportation, ending aid, aid cuts, tariffs, DEI removal, DHS expansion, and two-state solution support.

VOTING OBSTACLES

Bar chart showing percentages of groups reporting voting obstacles in the 2024 election: Muslim (37%), Jewish (12%), Catholic (16%), Protestant (8%), White Evangelical (4%), Non-Affiliated (13%), General Public (11%).

POST ELECTION IMPACTS

A chart showing percentages of different religious and non-religious groups who reported various fears or experiences of economic insecurity after the 2024 election, with Muslims and Jews reporting the highest fear levels.

A chart compares the percentage of Muslims and the general public reporting emotional distress or related actions after presidential elections in 2017 and 2025. Muslims report much higher rates across all categories in both years.

Bar chart comparing Muslims and the general public in 2017 and 2025 on emotional distress and actions taken after presidential elections, showing significant increases for Muslims across all categories.

CIVIC ENGAGEMENT BEYOND VOTING

Bar graph showing percentages of Muslims, Jewish, Catholic, Protestant, White Evangelical, Non-Affiliated, and General Public in the U.S. who contacted federal or local officials, with Muslims highest in federal contacts.

Bar chart showing Muslim engagement with federally elected officials rising from 17% in 2019 to 22% in 2025, while general public engagement drops from 31% to 17%. Source: Institute for Social Policy and Understanding.

Bar chart comparing Muslim civic engagement in 2020 and 2025, showing little change in donating to campaigns, attending town halls, and volunteering, based on data from the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding.

ISLAMOPHOBIA INDEX

Line graph titled Islamophobia Index Rises in 2025 showing index trends from 2018 to 2025 for various religious groups and the general population, indicating a sharp rise for Muslims and increases for others in 2025.

A bar graph compares Islamophobia scores for Black, Hispanic, and White Americans in 2022 and 2025. Scores for Hispanics and Whites rise, while scores for Black Americans remain stable.

A chart titled Variables Impacting Islamophobia Index shows factors like voting for Trump or being conservative predict higher Islamophobia, while high income and being age 60+ predict lower Islamophobia. Impact varies for the general public and Muslims.

A chart shows that higher Islamophobia index scores correlate with increased support for Trump policies among the general public and Muslims. Policy topics include immigration, DEI, deportations, police violence, and healthcare.

DISCRIMINATION & BULLYING

Bar chart titled Nearly Half of Bullying Cases Involve Adults, showing 55% bullied by students, 36% by teachers/school officials, and 13% by a classmate’s parent. Source: Institute for Social Policy & Understanding.

A bar chart shows the percentage of Muslim families with a child bullied for their religion: 43% in 2021, 51% in 2022, 48% in 2022, and 47% in 2023. Title notes this is higher than any other group.

A bar chart showing percentages of Muslims reporting religious discrimination: White (66%), Black (55%), Asian (73%), and Arab (70%). The source is the Institute for Social Policy & Understanding.

A bar chart compares the percentage of Muslims, Jews, and Protestants facing societal and structural discrimination in various situations, showing Muslims report higher discrimination in most cases.

A line chart titled Frequency of Religious Discrimination Faced by Muslims Unchanged since 2016 shows percentages from 2016–2025, ranging from 59% to 63%, with little change over the years.

Bar chart showing that 63% of Muslims report experiencing religious discrimination, followed by Jewish (50%), Catholic (25%), Protestant (27%), White Evangelical (26%), and General Public (22%).